Russia promises plenty for nature lovers with everything from puffins and sandpipers to bears and Siberian tigers, providing an endless and exciting animal itinerary. Kamchatka, in the northeast, is especially blessed with untouched habitats and a small ship cruise of the fjords and islands offers the chance to see grey whales, snowy owls, Peregrine falcons and the world’s largest colony of Pacific walrus.

Meeting and taking the time to talk to local people is one of the best ways to rip up the guide books and see what lies beneath. Russia is certainly no exception and from fellow passengers and beaming babushkas on the Trans Siberian Express, to homestays on the shores of Lake Baikal or meals with Muscovites, sometimes the most memorable cultural encounters start with you.

Staying in Moscow and Saint Petersburg for at least a couple of days is definitely a worthwhile idea. Both cities feature some of Russia’s ‘must see’ highlights and present a chance to lift the lid on Russia’s remarkable art history and cultural heritage. A glimpse of the Bolshoi Theatre or an exploration of The Peter and Paul Fortress, there’s so much on offer so aim to do the experience justice.

Although President Putin persists in getting his shirt off he’s staying firmly in the closet when it comes to LGBT rights in Russia. Even Sir Elton John could do little to dissuade him from passing Russia’s anti-gay act which bans any positivity related to gay rights, including non-Russians promoting pro-gay messages. Holding hands, kissing and basically being affectionate as a same sex couple are things not to do in Russia, just to be on the safe side.

The lowlands of Sochi were once a habitat for over 400 bird species including 11 classed as ‘threatened’. Despite boasting a Winter Olympics with little or no environmental impact, quite the opposite occurred and if you’re planning to head to Sochi for a spot of birdwatching then prepare for disappointment. Twitchers take note: a small ship cruise to Wrangel Island will have you in a flutter.

Moscow is a must on a trip to Russia if only before boarding the Trans Siberian Express. Be aware that things aren’t cheap (London prices plus) and if you’re thinking of stocking up prior to taking the train then don’t. Buy from babushkas at train stations en-route or bring porridge, noodles and ‘just add hot water’ products from home.