Mount Kilimanjaro, or ‘Kili’ as it’s frequently called, is the highest mountain in Africa, a dormant volcano standing at a (literally) breathtaking 5,895m. There’s no mountain range flanking it; it stands proudly bang in the middle of the Great Rift Valley, having erupted from the flat plains that surround it a million-odd years ago. As well as looking majestic from a distance, it’s thrilling up close, too, and thousands attempt to reach its summit each year. There are six official routes up, crossing chilly barren slopes up to the ice fields and three volcanic cones at the top, Kibu, Mawenzi, and Shira, finally reaching its highest point, Uhuru on Kibu Peak.

Not all trekkers actually make it to Uhuru, the highest point, and success often rests on the time taken to get there. This is not a climb to be rushed. Mount Kilimanjaro is nearly 6,000m high and altitude sickness can kick in at less than half that height. You’re more likely to make it to the peak if you take your time and opt for one of the longer routes. Less than half of those who attempt the trek on the short, five-day route make it to the top, for example; while there is around a 95 percent success rate on eight-day routes.

Altitude sickness can affect anyone, and if you experience any of its symptoms, the best cure is to descend – even a couple of hundred metres can make a difference. Younger, fitter travellers are not immune to altitude sickness either – it doesn’t respect age or fitness. In fact, they can actually be more at risk, due to their ability to ascend rapidly.

Staying hydrated is important, and many routes offer the chance to ‘walk high, sleep low’, descending a little each day to camp, which puts a lot less strain on the body. If you do feel unwell, let your guide know. Many trips are equipped with emergency oxygen and the chief guide may even have an oximeter, which clips onto a finger to measure blood oxygen levels – a useful way of establishing if you are acclimatising.

You have to be accompanied by a Kilimanjaro National Park qualified guide to trek on Kilimanjaro and for the best chance of reaching the summit, choose a reputable tour with experienced guides, who understand the risks the mountain poses and will control the pace of ascent. A well organised expedition will also keep you going by providing fantastic porters who will carry your pack and prepare hearty food – stews, potatoes and rice – while looking out for everyone’s safety.

Generally, there is only one period to avoid – the rainy months of March, April and May. This is when climbing is at its most dangerous due to slippery conditions and poor visibility. Tours still run, but you’re best attempting one of the longer, less strenuous routes and bear in mind you’ll be at the mercy of the weather. Waterproof packs are essential.

A beautiful way to experience Kilimanjaro’s summit is during a full moon. As well as lighting your way in the dark African night, the moon reflects off the glaciers, which is especially beautiful. These conditions attract more climbers, though – you won’t get to enjoy this sight alone!

Photo credits: [Trekkers: Yoni Lerner] [Choosing a route: Bradley Howard] [Accommodation: Stig Nygaard] [Cold Kili: Demetrius John Kessy] [How to climb successfully: Sam Hawley]

Written by: Joanna Simmons